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Harmonic Reducers: Enabling More Flexible Robot Joints
Release time:
2021-11-12
A harmonic reducer is a type of gearbox that operates on the principle of harmonics. Compared with other reducers, it features a compact structure, a high reduction ratio, high precision, and low noise. Harmonic reducers are ideally suited for use in the joints of various robots, enabling precise control of arm motion speed and output torque.
What is a harmonic reducer?
A harmonic reducer is a type of gearbox that operates on the principle of harmonics. Compared with other reducers, it features a compact structure, a high reduction ratio, high precision, and low noise. Harmonic reducers are ideally suited for use in the joints of various robots, enabling precise control over the speed and output torque of each robotic arm.
It boasts high load-carrying capacity. In harmonic drives, tooth contact occurs over a surface area, and the number of simultaneously engaged teeth (the overlap ratio) is relatively large, resulting in low specific pressure and superior load-carrying capability compared to other types of transmissions.
The transmission ratio is high; for a single-stage harmonic gear drive, the ratio can reach i = 70–500.
Small in size and lightweight.
High transmission efficiency and long service life.
Smooth transmission, no impact, no noise, and high motion accuracy.
Harmonic reducers are commonly used in industries such as robotics, machine tools, and aerospace, where extremely high demands are placed on precision, stiffness, and load-carrying capacity. Consequently, the manufacturing and assembly tolerances of all internal components must be exceptionally tight, and the requirements for bearings are equally stringent. For rigid bearings, key considerations include stiffness, reliability, and rotational accuracy; prior to shipment, these bearings are typically preloaded to ensure adequate rigidity. For flexible bearings, the primary concern is the magnitude of radial deformation under load.
Harmonic drive bearings are categorized into two main types: rigid bearings and flexible bearings. Rigid bearings comprise four series—CSG (CSF), SHG (SHF), CSD, and SHD—each named after the corresponding harmonic reducer. Flexible bearings are designated as HYR.
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